"peny" meaning in Middle English

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "penny"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "penny"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "penny"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:penning<alt:peniġ>"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Pre-Greek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qsb-grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"πατάνη\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"patina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"panna\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pannus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-n̥kʷo-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-īnaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-gaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ingaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*panningaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*panning\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"penning\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"peny\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"peny\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "peniġ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English peniġ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*panning"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *panning",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*panningaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *panningaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syncope"
      },
      "expansion": "syncope",
      "name": "glossary"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English peniġ, a form of penning, from Proto-West Germanic *panning, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz.\nThe plural pens possibly originates in collocations such as six penies which were pronounced as a unit with stress (largely) on the first element (/ˈsikspɛni(ː)s/, /ˈsikspɛni(ː)z/), making the unstressed final vowel especially vulnerable to syncope due to its distance from the stress.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "penies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pens",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "panewes",
      "tags": [
        "Midlands",
        "Southern",
        "error-unknown-tag",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peni",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pene",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peney",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penny",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peyne",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pani",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pany",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peninnꟑ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Ormulum"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "peny",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "penies",
        "pl2": "pens",
        "pl3": "panewes",
        "pl3_qual": "early Southern and Southwest Midlands"
      },
      "expansion": "peny (plural penies or pens or (early Southern and Southwest Midlands) panewes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "halpeni"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hundredpeny"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "peny gras"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "penywort"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Petres peny"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 30 29 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Currency",
          "orig": "enm:Currency",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A penny or other silver coin (including ancient coins)"
      ],
      "id": "en-peny-enm-noun-uRmt6jy4",
      "links": [
        [
          "penny",
          "penny"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 25 10 14 16 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 30 29 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Currency",
          "orig": "enm:Currency",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The weight corresponding to that coin."
      ],
      "id": "en-peny-enm-noun-aHkHDd9h",
      "links": [
        [
          "weight",
          "weight"
        ],
        [
          "coin",
          "coin"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 25 10 14 16 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 30 7 9 13 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 30 29 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Currency",
          "orig": "enm:Currency",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Money or coinage (especially that with little value)."
      ],
      "id": "en-peny-enm-noun-nWEbXDLP",
      "links": [
        [
          "Money",
          "money"
        ],
        [
          "coinage",
          "coinage"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 13 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Taxation",
          "orig": "enm:Taxation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A tax, fee, or charge."
      ],
      "id": "en-peny-enm-noun-bvFqqaZF",
      "links": [
        [
          "tax",
          "tax"
        ],
        [
          "fee",
          "fee"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in compounds) A tax, fee, or charge."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛniː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpaniː/",
      "note": "especially East Saxon or West Midland"
    }
  ],
  "word": "peny"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Currency",
    "enm:Taxation"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "penny"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "penny"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "penny"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:penning<alt:peniġ>"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Pre-Greek\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qsb-grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"πατάνη\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"patina\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"panna\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pannus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-n̥kʷo-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-īnaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-gaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ingaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*panningaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*panning\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"penning\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"peny\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"peny\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "peniġ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English peniġ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*panning"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *panning",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*panningaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *panningaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syncope"
      },
      "expansion": "syncope",
      "name": "glossary"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English peniġ, a form of penning, from Proto-West Germanic *panning, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz.\nThe plural pens possibly originates in collocations such as six penies which were pronounced as a unit with stress (largely) on the first element (/ˈsikspɛni(ː)s/, /ˈsikspɛni(ː)z/), making the unstressed final vowel especially vulnerable to syncope due to its distance from the stress.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "penies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pens",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "panewes",
      "tags": [
        "Midlands",
        "Southern",
        "error-unknown-tag",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peni",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pene",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peney",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "penny",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peyne",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pani",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pany",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peninnꟑ",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Ormulum"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "peny",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "penies",
        "pl2": "pens",
        "pl3": "panewes",
        "pl3_qual": "early Southern and Southwest Midlands"
      },
      "expansion": "peny (plural penies or pens or (early Southern and Southwest Midlands) panewes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "halpeni"
    },
    {
      "word": "hundredpeny"
    },
    {
      "word": "peny gras"
    },
    {
      "word": "penywort"
    },
    {
      "word": "Petres peny"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A penny or other silver coin (including ancient coins)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "penny",
          "penny"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The weight corresponding to that coin."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "weight",
          "weight"
        ],
        [
          "coin",
          "coin"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Money or coinage (especially that with little value)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Money",
          "money"
        ],
        [
          "coinage",
          "coinage"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A tax, fee, or charge."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tax",
          "tax"
        ],
        [
          "fee",
          "fee"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in compounds) A tax, fee, or charge."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛniː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpaniː/",
      "note": "especially East Saxon or West Midland"
    }
  ],
  "word": "peny"
}